Thursday, August 27, 2020

General Gordon of Khartoum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

General Gordon of Khartoum - Essay Example The Arab and African vendors took care of the inland exchange of items and slaves. After the abrogation of the slave exchange by the British in 1807, they began watching the coasts, holding onto other countries’ slave ships. Inside the most recent twenty years of the nineteenth century, competitions and clashes in Europe began influencing people in Africa straightforwardly. In the course of the most recent long stretches of the nineteenth century (1880’s), the European forces shared African domains among themselves without the assent or will of the individuals living there. They had fractional comprehension of the land they had procured (BBC 2013, p1). Political contention, business covetousness, and regional desire all prompted the European scramble for Africa. This peaked in the Africa’s segment during the 1884-5 Berlin Conference. The entire procedure that is the dividing of Africa turned out to be broadly recognized as the scramble for Africa. In the last 50% of the nineteenth century, the disconnected interwoven of exchanging provinces, understandings, protectorates, and collusions respected clearing changes upheld by the Europeans. The French and the British were resolved to make things right and establishment an unmistakable authoritative progression made out of the Europeans (at the top) and Africans (at the base) (BBC 2013, p1). Then again, some of the most established exchanging nations Europe left Africa and the other arrangement of players rose. The Danes and the Dutch surrendered the mainland while Belgium, Italy, and Germany moved into the landmass. Somewhere else the mineral wealth of Africa stunned and focused European undertakings. Notwithstanding, easygoing business associations were supplanted by deliberate control and abuse. Toward the start of the nineteenth century, the European hold of the African topography was limited for the most part to the beach front locales. In any case, before the century's end, Europeans were crossing the mainland with streets and railroads. Presently it was anything but difficult to assume responsibility for the landmass both economically and strategically (BBC 2013, p1). The Scramble for Africa â€Å"had the impact of defusing and dislodging strains between the European powers in Europe, however in the long run the tradeoffs and partnerships couldn't camouflage the way that Imperial Germany was on a crash course with Britain and France† (BBC 2013, p1). Just because, the African individuals wound up maneuvered into clashes, which had its sources in London and Berlin war rooms. The ethical grandiosity of the European forces, purportedly speaking to compromise and request, human progress, and intelligence, before long broke into the decimation, passing, and turmoil of World War I (BBC 2013, p1). It is essential to take note of that, in Africa, the Europeans were outsiders yet by hostility, settlement, and exchange they became by various levels some portion of with in (Connah 2004, p175). General Charles George Gordon’s Experience in Khartoum Sudan In the year 1882, Mohamed Ahmed (likewise alluded to himself as Messiah or Mahdi) welcomed all the genuine adherents to participate in the blessed war against Christians. The vast majority particularly wild tribesman noticed to his call, and in the accompanying, he vanquished a multitude of near eleven thousand Egyptians and English that had attempted to curb the revolt. Britain had to leave the territory. In any case, a large number of Europeans who had looked for shelter in Khartoum and different towns must be saved from their

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Sci 220 Week 1 Free Essays

Nourishment and Health Worksheet 1. What is nourishment? For what reason is sustenance fundamental to our every day lives? | Nutrition is characterized â€Å"as the science that joins nourishments to wellbeing and malady. â€Å" Nutrition is likewise considered sustenance that gives food to help of life. We will compose a custom paper test on Sci 220 Week 1 or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Nourishment includes the procedure of people ingesting, processing, engrossing, and discharging food substances. Food gives vitality as calories expected to keep up all body cells. Supplements are the substances gotten from food that are a significant factor to advance development keep up a sound body through an individuals’ life. | 2. What is the association among sustenance and wellbeing? | Nutrition is a significant way of life factor that advances development and keeps up a solid body all through an individual’s life. On the off chance that an individual carries on with an inactive way of life and keeps up a horrible eating routine he/she will become in danger of creating perilous maladies fluctuating in various conditions from interminable and intense. Instances of such maladies included however not constrained to be coronary illness, diabetes, hypertension, and malignant growth. Perilous sicknesses referenced above and different issue will may contribute an excessive number of passings Risk factors, for example, inherited, way of life decisions or poor wholesome propensities additionally add to dangerous ailments. | 3. What are the six classes of supplements? What are fundamental supplements? What are the wellsprings of supplements? What do supplements do? | The six classes of supplements include: Carbohydrateâ€composed of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen give a significant wellspring of calories for the bodyLipids (fats oils)â€made up of carbon hydrogen-utilized for fundamental vitality stockpiling in the bodyProteins-made up of oxygen, hydrogen carbon-nitrogen-makes up structure of body-muscles, bones, cells, blood, body cells, proteins, and invulnerable elements. Vitaminsâ€can be comprised of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus-consider synthetic responses in bodyMineralsâ€functioning assume a significant job in the sensory system, water balance, basic frameworks, and numerous other cell forms, however yield no calories as such for the body. Water †transports supplements and waste-directs temperature, goes about as an oil and dissolvable for the bodyThe ources of supplements incorporate plants sources from foods grown from the ground, can give people calories to address vitality issues; are exceptionally fundamental for development, improvement, upkeep, to help with keeping up strongly body capacities. | 4. How do nutrients and minerals work? | Vitamins take into account empower numerous concoction responses to happen in the body. A portion of these responses help discharge the vitality caught in sugars, lipids, and proteins. While the utilization of nutrients is useful to our bodies, over utilization of nutrients is ris ky and can be lethal. Mineralsâ€functioning assume a significant job in the sensory system, water balance, auxiliary frameworks, and numerous other cell forms, however yield no calories as such for the body| 5. I'm not catching it's meaning to eat a reasonable eating regimen? For what reason is food decision significant for good sustenance? | To expend the day by day required measures of supplements from the six significant nutrition types every day see below:Vegetables, Fruits, Milk, Meat, Beans, and OilsFood gives vitality as calories expected to keep up all body cells Food gives vitality as calories expected to keep up all body cells. An equalization diet mean eating various sorts nourishments and an assortment of nutrition classes. This implies eating the best possible segment size. When eating an equalization diet the individual must eat the perfect sum nutritious.. | 6. What is undernutrition? What is overnutrition? | Undernutrition happens when supplement admission doesn't address supplement issues. For instance if an individual’s iron level turns out to be low manifestations showing low levels may not be seen quickly Follow up lab work with a doctor would decide issue along these lines requiring tx. Overnutrition is characterized as â€Å"prolonged utilization of a greater number of supplements than the body needs. † â€Å"The most normal kind of overnutrition in created countries is an abundance intakeof calories regularly prompting heftiness. â€Å"| 7. For what reason is physical action significant as it identifies with nourishment and wellbeing? | When an individual participates in physical movement, it diminishes the inactive life, advances sound enthusiastic prosperity while keeping up a solid body weight. Physical wellness is significant so as to be fit an individual must us legitimate nourishment. The impact different dependent on the supplements that influence the body. At the point when the body needs to fix and develop it utilizes protein. The body utilizes starches during physical action as a vitality source. At the point when an individual is fit the body utilizes its sustenance to help recuperate and primary certain hydration when directing physical movement. Solid physical movement helps the individual sluggish around evening time, conceivable live more, feel much improved, sound weight. | 8. Where may you discover dietary suggestions? What are the suggested dietary remittances (RDA)? What are dietary reference admissions (DRIs)? The dietary proposals can be found in the DRIs. The suggested dietary stipends (RDA) are the suggested recompenses of supplements that depend on addressing the necessities of people in a particular age and sexual orientation gathering. Dietary reference admissions (DRI) is a gathering of terms that characterize supplement needs. Remembered for the DRI are RDA-suggested every day stipends; AIs-sufficient admissions; EERs-assessed vitality necessities; TUIL â€tolerable admission levels. | 9. The United States Department of Agriculture made an outline titled MyPlate. What is this graph? For what reason would it be a good idea for someone to contemplate this graph? | The My Pyramid is a graph structured by the United States Department of Agriculture used to translatenutrient suggestions into a foodplan that gives an assortment, balance,and balance of supplements for people. In the event that people use and fuse this graph into their arrangement for smart dieting, it will assist them with keeping up a solid living way of life and body weight along these lines diminishing the danger of dangerous sicknesses. In following this outline, people may carry on with a more drawn out more beneficial life. | 10. What are a few apparatuses for diet arranging? | The MyPyramid represents is an individual way to deal with physical action alongside good dieting propensities. The fundamental image is intended to help remind people to begin settling on better food decisions when choosing which nourishments to eat on a day by day essential. The MyPyramid images suggest nourishments from every nutrition class. The gatherings are, Vegetables, grain, milk, Fruits, Beans, and Milk, when utilizing the nutrition types appropriately this ought to give an individual a sound supper. The last component that was added to the My Primide is physical action, this component show the slow improvement when working with some restraint to accomplish a sound objective. A definitive use for the MyPyramid is to give people a fast manual for how much and the segment size an individual ought to eat. This depends on the nutrition class, sex, age, and the different action physical levels. The Mediterranean eating regimen Pyramid is information from the Mediterranean area that has the most minimal constant infections alongside the most elevated grown-up future. This is essential onepidmiological and common research. This Pyramid stress the advantage of plant food, for example, organic products, grain, vegetables, nuts, vegetables, olives, seeds and olive oil, and underline the advantage of eating fish. 11. What is the calorie admission adding machine? What variables does this adding machine consider? | The calorie admission number cruncher is a recipe that is utilized to decide an individual’s caloric support. The calorie consumption number cruncher takes an individual’s tallness, age, sex, current weight, sex, and the measure of weight that an individual needs to lose into account. There are various recipes you can use to decide your caloric upkeep level. At the point when your RDI is set the food plans, suppers as a food journal for the individual and this data will show in the RDI. | 2. What are a few threats related with eating less junk food? | While counting calories can be valuable to people, it can likewise be extremely risky. There are numerous issues that can emerge because of abstaining from excessive food intake. Wholesome insufficiency is one the significant dangers when consuming less calories. On the off chance that an individual is on a craze diet and eating little bits of food, it will bring about nourishing lack. On the off chance that an individual is on a low starch diet, it can cause hypertension with the arrival of unfortunate ketones. On the off chance that these ketones are discharged, it can cause sickness and shortcoming. | 13. What is the most ideal approach to get more fit? Clarify your answer and give at any rate one source, designed predictable with APA rules, to help your answer. | The most ideal approach to get in shape is to see how to choose a smart dieting plan. At the point when an individual eats a sound eating routine, it gives the body required supplements in which to perform as well as could be expected. When the arrangement is comprehended and arranged out it tends to be actualized. The individual can profit by following the arrangement thusly decreasing the danger of having dangerous illnesses. Reference | 14. How does practice impact body weight? | At the point when people practice all the time, it lessens weight keeps up weight reduction. So as to keep up a solid way of life battle weight an individual must keep up a decent eating regimen, and work out program. Research has demonstrated that if people eat a nutritious supper practice all the time, they can lose a lot of weight, improve cardio vascular, feel increasingly vigorous better that people who lead/carry on with a stationary life. | 15. Think about your own dietary propensities. What are a few alterations you may make to advance

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Difference Between Danish and Dutch

The Difference Between Danish and Dutch If you know your geography and have a basic understanding of the names of the languages spoken in European countries, this might sound like a dumb question. If you live in the US and you dont know much about European countries, youre much more likely to be confused about these two words. Danish people come from Denmark, and they speak a language called Danish. Dutch people come from The Netherlands, and they speak Dutch. How much easier can things get? I recently read a blog post by a Dane that showed a surprising tolerance for the way these two countries are confused by Americans. The author even called it understandable confusion. Naturally, you wouldnt want that confusion to happen when booking a flight, since youd end up in the wrong country and have to book an (admittedly short) second flight. Similarities Between the Danes and the Dutch Apart from both words beginning with a D, there are national similarities between the Danish and the Dutch. Both countries are small and peaceful, which means theyre seldom on CNN Breaking News. They also speak Germanic languages, although youd see many more differences between them than youd find if you compared UK, Australian, and American English. Its possible for Danes and the Dutch to find each others languages completely incomprehensible unless theyre written down, and even then they might struggle with some words. Both countries are reputed to be full of healthy, blond, blue-eyed people, although having been there, I can tell you that this is a stereotype these days. But the riding of bicycles to get around is definitely no stereotype. I actually found the bicycle traffic more dangerous than the motor traffic when crossing the road since there are so many bicycles. Thats because both countries are remarkably lacking in anything resembling mountainous topography. Last, but not least, theres the preference for wind power, although windmills are more common in Holland. The Danes have acres of wind turbines, some of them standing in the middle of the sea, to generate electricity. Differences Between the Dutch and the Danes Apart from slight differences in geographical location and rather marked language differences, The Netherlands doesnt have LEGOLAND, which is of great importance to those who love LEGOs. Other differences include the amount of taxes paid and the average number of hours worked every week. The Dutch pay way less tax than the Danes, but the Danes spend fewer hours at work on average. The Danes also have a very casual approach to authority. Children will call adults, including teachers, by their first names. The formal version of the word you is seldom used, even in business letters. Danes dont find this rude or offensive, but the Dutch are a little more inclined to use formal titles and the formal version of the word you. Beer plays a big role in Danish culture, with special beers being brewed for both Christmas and Easter. Although the Dutch invented Heineken, they dont brew special, seasonal beers. Historically speaking, these nations have very different backgrounds. The Dutch are known for their farmlands and always have been, but the Danes are famous for going a-Viking which involved getting into long ships and trading and raiding their way around the coastlines of Europe. If you had grown up on the Irish coast in those times, there would have been absolutely no confusion between the Danish and the Dutch. As you saw the long ships approaching, there is just no way that you would have yelled out The Dutch are coming! and if you had, you wouldnt have struck terror into the hearts of your listeners. The Danish nation, on the other hand, is proud of its Viking history, as it should be after all, the Danes discovered Greenland and are believed to have sailed to the Americas long before Columbus did. Know your English Heritage If you have English or Irish ancestors, theres a very good chance that you also have some Danish blood in your veins. The Danes werent always hit-and-run raiders. They often established settlements in the countries they came across in their voyages, and England was even ruled by a Danish king Canute (or Cnut) between 1016 and 1035 AD. Your chances of having Dutch ancestors is much less likely. Further Reading Its worth finding out more about these two cultures. Both the Danish and the Dutch have some impressive achievements to their names. Perhaps one day, youll visit the Danish city of Copenhagen and the Dutch city of Amsterdam. Like me, youll probably be surprised at how similar many of the older buildings in these two cities are, and how different the two languages sound. If youre considering traveling to Europe, I recommend these two cities. Spend at least a week in each. Youll never be confused about the difference between Danish and Dutch again.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Ad Reinhardt, American Abstract Expressionist Painter

Ad Reinhardt (December 24, 1913 - August 30, 1967) was an American abstract expressionist artist who sought to create what he called, absolute abstraction. The result was a series of works known as the Black Paintings, which consisted of geometrical shapes in subtle shades of black and near-black. Fast Facts: Ad Reinhardt Full Name: Adolph Frederick Reinhardt Occupation: PainterBorn: December 24, 1913 in Buffalo, New YorkDied: August 30, 1967 in New York, New YorkSpouse: Rita ZiprkowskiChild: Anna ReinhardtSelected Works: Untitled (1936), Study for a Painting (1938), Black Paintings (1953-1967)Notable Quote: Only a bad artist thinks he has a good idea. A good artist does not need anything. Early Life and Education Ad Reinhardt was born in Buffalo, New York, but moved to New York City with his family at a young age. He was an outstanding student and showed an interest in visual art. During high school, Reinhardt illustrated his schools newspaper. Upon applying to college, he turned down multiple scholarship offers from art schools and enrolled in the art history program at Columbia University. At Columbia, Ad Reinhardt studied under the art historian Mayer Schapiro. He also became good friends with theologian Thomas Merton and poet Robert Lax. The three all embraced approaches to simplicity in their specific disciplines. Untitled (1936). The Pace Gallery Works Progress Administration Work Shortly after graduation from Columbia, Reinhardt became one of the few abstract artists hired in the Federal Arts Project of the Works Progress Administration (WPA). There he met other prominent 20th-century American artists including Willem de Kooning and Arshile Gorky. His work of the period also demonstrated the impact of Stuart Davis experiments with geometric abstraction. While working for the WPA, Ad Reinhardt also became a member of the American Abstract Artists group. They were profoundly influential in the development of the avant-garde in the U.S. In 1950, Reinhardt joined the group of artists known as The Irascibles who protested that the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art in New York was not modern enough. Jackson Pollock, Barnett Newman, Hans Hofmann, and Mark Rothko were part of the group. John Loengard / Getty Images Absolute Abstraction and the Black Paintings Ad Reinhardts work was non-representational from the beginning. However, his paintings show a distinctive progression from visual complexity to simple compositions of geometrical shapes in shades of the same color. By the 1950s, the work began approaching what Reinhardt called absolute abstraction. He believed that much of the abstract expressionism of the era was too full of emotional content and the impact of the artists ego. He aimed to create paintings with no emotion or narrative content at all. Although he was part of the movement, Reinhardts ideas often ran counter to those of his contemporaries. In the latter part of the 1950s, Ad Reinhardt began work on the Black Paintings that would define the rest of his career. He took inspiration from Russian art theorist Kazimir Malevich, who created the work Black Square in 1915, referred to as the, zero point of painting. Malevich described an art movement focused on simple geometric shapes and a limited color palette that he called suprematism. Reinhardt expanded on the ideas in his theoretical writings, saying that he was creating, the last paintings one can make. While many of Reinhardts black paintings look flat and monochrome upon first glance, they reveal multiple shades and intriguing complexity when viewed close up. Among the techniques used to create the works was the siphoning of oil from the pigments used that resulted in a delicate finish. Unfortunately, the method also made the paintings challenging to preserve and maintain without damaging the surface. Black Series #6. U.S. Department of State embassy collections Despite the purging of all references to the outside world in his paintings, Ad Reinhardt insisted that his art could impact society and bring about positive change. He saw art as an almost mystical force in the world. Legacy The paintings of Ad Reinhardt remain an essential conceptual link between abstract expressionism and the minimalist art of the 1960s and beyond. Although his fellow expressionists often criticized his work, many of the most prominent artists of the next generation saw Reinhardt as a vital leader pointing toward the future of painting. Ad Reinhardt in Museum of Modern Art exhibition of his paintings. Robert R. McElroy / Getty Images Ad Reinhardt began to teach art in 1947 at Brooklyn College. Teaching, including a stint at Yale University, was a significant part of his work for the next 20 years until his death from a massive heart attack in 1967. Source Reinhardt, Ad. Ad Reinhardt. Rizzoli International, 1991.

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Adam James - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2274 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/06/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Serial Killer Essay Did you like this example? On July 2018, Adam James committed suicide in prison. He was a sexually motivated serial killer. His looks had made him an object of mockery during his childhood, and even success in his career did not help in making any woman want to be in a relationship with him. He grew up with bitterness and blamed all the women in his life for his suffering. He, therefore, decided to find pleasure in punishing the women by torturing, raping and killing his victims. Adam James was born in 1976 in a small village in Texas. Adam had a normal relationship with his birth parents. They loved and cared for him like they did his siblings. His brother and two sisters were very good looking, but Adams looks were the exact opposite. However, his parents did not treat him any different. All this changed when his parents got a divorce when he was just ten years old. His father took full custody of him and his younger sister May. A year later, his father remarried. His new stepmother had three children of her own. His stepmother mistreated him and called him names just because he was ugly. To avoid annoying his new wife, Adams father watched in silence as his son got scarred for life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Adam James" essay for you Create order High school life is usually difficult for those who are unpopular. Adam was ridiculed and made fun of by boys his age. His seniors bullied him making it his worst nightmare. Life became a little bearable when Sheila, one of the popular girls started paying attention to him. They went out for movies, and she even asked him to accompany her to prom. However, on prom night, she showed up holding Adams half-brothers hand. When he demanded an explanation, she laughed saying she had been making fun of him all this while. The trauma and the embarrassment he suffered that day reminded him that his looks were always going to be part of his life. His stepmother later confessed that she had known that Sheila and her son were mocking him. The bitterness made Adam try to commit suicide. His younger sister walked in just as he had finished taking an entire bottle of sleeping pills. He never forgave her for saving his life. Counseling helped take away his suicidal thoughts. Instead of hurting himself because of the social rejection, he decided to punish his oppressors. In his eyes, all good looking women were trouble. His stepmother had made him hate himself and regret being born. The girl who mocked him and hurt his feelings by insulting his sincerity. His younger sister had prolonged his sufferings by saving his life. His mother had taken custody of his siblings instead of fighting for him. Looking at how all the women in his life and contributed to his suffering, regardless of whether this was done willingly or unwillingly, Adam was determined to take revenge. He worked had to succeed in his career as an auditor in a governmental agency. He lived comfortably in the city and never lacked anything. He seemed friendly to all those who knew him. His warmth towards people was merely an act to hide what he felt about women and society in general. Adam fits in the category of organized serial killers. This is illustrated by the fact that he is socially stable and intelligent (Silkes, 2018). Adams psychological development can be explained using Erik Eriksons theory. Looking at the first stage of trust versus mistrust, Adam was able to trust people since he experienced love and care during his early childhood. This is why he did not suspect anything when Sheila approached him. The second psychosocial stage is autonomy versus shame and doubt. This is where the child gains independence by having choices. Adam was insulted and mistreated by his stepmother because of his looks; he became ashamed of himself. During the third stage of initiative versus guilt, Adam was able to become initiative. Forced by his circumstances and the societal rejection, he had to find a way to become successful so that people will not have other reasons to look down upon him. This creativity is demonstrated in his crime scenes which he was always able to recreate. The fourth psychosocial stage of industry versus inferiority explains Adams inferiority complex. The rejection he suffered made him want to take control of his victims to feel better about himself.Stage five which deals with identity versus confusion explains the life Adam lived and why he chose it. He was unable to find his true identity since what everybody said about him was different from what he wanted to think about himself. For this reason, he felt insecure, lost and did not know his place in this world. This is why he did not have a concrete plan for his future, which is indicated by the fact that he did not get married. The sixth stage involves intimacy versus isolation. Adam was unable to form relationships with people his age in high school and college. At home, he did not have a good relationship with his stepmother and her children. Women always rejected him. This made him feel alone and isolated. He was unable to form any relationships. When his neighbors d isplayed kindness, he smiled and pretended to enjoy their warmth but deep inside he felt that they were all hypocrites. The seventh stage of generativity versus stagnation explains Adams involvement in community activities. Even though a part of him wanted to prevent suspicion, he also wanted to take part in the activities as he had developed a sense of purpose. Although he felt disconnected from the people, he enjoyed the activities they took part in.The eighth stage is the integrity versus despair. Looking at the life he had lived, and what he was going through in prison, Adam felt that he had no hope for a better future. He knew that he would always be mistreated and looked down upon. It is this despair that pushed him to end his life (Sokol, 2009). Adam managed to hide his crimes for about three years. During this period he pretended to be a law-abiding citizen who nobody could suspect. Everybody in his community respected him. When asked why he was not married, he always said that he had a wife and two children who lived in his hometown taking care of his sickly mother. As a respected civil servant, people bought his story without asking any more questions. To hide his criminal activities, he committed more crimes. Anybody who suspected him or saw him kidnapping a woman was shot on the spot. As a rich man, he was able to bribe police officers who knew of his presence at some of the places where the girls went missing. Adam always ensured that he did not leave anything that can lead back to him on the crime scene. On 20th September 2016, Adam was arrested for the murder of Jane Paul 23, and Suzie Daniel 19. Body parts of these two victims were found and some old cars at Adams junkyard which he ran as a part-time job. The victims were found by a 20-year-old homeless man who wanted to steal some spare parts to sell. On seeing the bodies, the boy ran away screaming, and the passers-by came to see what was going on. The passers-by called the police. Forensic analysis was used to identify the victims and their cause of death.Thorough investigations were conducted to determine who killed the two women. Police records showed that the victims body shapes and sizes marched those of several missing women in the estate and neighboring towns. Adams junkyard became a total mess as the police dug looking for more bodies. Human bones and some other decaying bodies were discovered. The police then got a warrant to search his house where they found seven women locked in cages. When Adam realized that the wome n had been found, he still could not watch them leave. He torched his house with the officers and victims inside. Luckily for them, they all escaped with minor burns. Upon his arrest, Adam knew that he had no escape. He confessed to the kidnapping of several women, one of whom was his sister. He also gave up the names of the officers who asked him for bribe whenever he was a suspect in a case. Adam was sentenced to 150 years in prison, three in solitary confinement. Almost all serial killers have certain reasons why they choose their victims as well as where. Some victims are randomly chosen while others are chosen based on a certain pattern or characteristics (Crane 2017). Adams victims are pretty women between the ages of 15-30years. They are slim and tall. Color is not a consideration though high cheekbones make the women appear more attractive in his eyes. The color of the hair does not matter so long as the hair is long. He picks his victims from dark alleys in his neighborhoods. He also picks prostitutes and strippers who match his taste. For the prostitutes and strippers, he picks them in a taxi on their way home pretending to be a taxi driver. Sometimes he attends the alcoholics anonymous meetings where he picks lonely depressed women seeking help and new hope in the meetings. When he picks his victims, normally on Fridays and Tuesdays, he drugs them and takes them to his home. When they regain consciousness, he makes sexual advances at them, but his looks make them turn him down. The rejection awakens an emotional part of him and his desire to be wanted increases. He gives them another chance to kiss him and have sex with him. If the woman still says no, she is taken to a room in the basement and locked in a cage. In the cages, the women are forced to stay naked as their clothes are burned to ashes. With no clothes, the hopes of escaping diminish and the woman cries herself to sleep. Food is supplied once a day, and the victim stays in the cage until the day he decides to punish her. It was later discovered that Adams victims looked like Sheila. The ritual and signature in a serial killers crime scene are fantasy-driven. In serial sexual homicides, there is a repetitive behavior observed in several cases. Unnecessary activities are done by the serial killer like taking something of little value from the victim and torturing them have been associated with the perpetrators sexual fantasies. The murders, on the other hand, are related to the arousal pattern of the sexual offenders (Schlesinger et al.). Adams case is no different. Before sexually violating his victims, he takes nude photos with them which he later hangs on his bedroom wall. He makes his victims walk on all fours calling his name. They are supposed to beg for his attention as they sing songs praising him. His emotional needs cannot be satisfied by the admiration of one woman. Each time, he takes two women from their cages, and in a secluded room, he forces them to fight for their lives. They are supposed to strangle each other until one dies. He promises that if one kills the other as a sign of her love for him, her life will be spared. If any two chosen women refused to strangle each other or follow in of his owners, he shoots them right away. The one who strangles her colleague and remains alive does not know that more pain and suffering await her. She is brutally raped before Adam burns her private parts with an iron bar. The victim is then stabbed to death. Adam writes the victims name on the wall using her blood. He then licks some of the blood which he finds to be a source of his strength. He likes keeping the bras of his victims as souvenirs to remind himself of his conquest. This indicates that he is in the category of power/control serial killer (Bonn, 2018). The arrest of Adam came as a surprise to his neighbors. At first, they thought it was a mistake. However, those who witnessed what happened on the day he was arrested knew that it was all true. Those whose daughters had suffered in the hands of this serial killer demanded justice. They believed that only his punishment would allow their daughters to rest in peace. His parents, except for his stepmother tried to defend him thinking that he was framed. It is only after his confession that they realized that he was guilty. They pleaded with the victims families to forgive their son, but when they realized that he had done the same to his sister as punishment for saving his life, they were convinced that their son was not mentally stable. The police said that Adam was a sexually motivated serial killer who had a high record of killings. They had been looking for him for very long, and they were happy that the mystery man was finally behind bars. In prison, Adam was sexually molested by his inmates. He used to get regular beatings as well as have his food eaten by other. Life in prison reminded him of his childhood and adolescence when others mistreated him. He could not imagine living like that for the rest of his life. He snatched a guards gun and shot himself to end his life. Suicide is common for more than 5 percent of serial killers especially those from dysfunctional homes (Lester White, 2012). Looking at Adams life with his family and how he died, it is correct to conclude that these statistics are true.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Nuclear Energy Nuclear And Non Renewable Sources Of Energy

Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy has always been considered as one of the best options to replace petroleum and other non-renewable sources of energy since the scientific research begin on it more than half a century ago. With the passage of time, scientists came up with ideas and systems to utilize this energy practically for the benefit of the mankind so that it can be an alternate to the non-renewable sources of energy adding to that some other uses as well (eg. Nuclear medicine). This off course is an engineering task and as a matter of fact scientists do not consider it as their first choice of research. In the following sections, we will see what are the major barriers that the Nuclear energy professionals have to face in next 50 years. The Challenges Each and every challenge that arises to the nuclear industry comes from a very well-known energy related trouble that the world is facing, i.e., to go for a sustainable and clean form of energy which could replace petroleum products. And as the world population grows, this challenge becomes even tougher as more and more fuel is needed for being utilized by the people, which makes it a problem that is to be resolved at a great pace. Some people think that we can never be short of petroleum and other related product, however, scientists, researchers and other more qualified people know how much serious it can get if proper attention is not given in this issue. The amount of oil that is being consumed by the world today isShow MoreRelatedNuclear Energy Vs. Renewable Energy1102 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscovery of nuclear energy, it has remained the most powerful energy source to this day. Despite its superiority in energy efficiency and safety to the environment, fossil fuels are the dominant source of energy in the United States. This paper will analyze developments nuclear energy has made, the factors that contribute to its superiority over other energy sources, and controversies that have inhibited its growth in usage in the United States. In addition, it will compare nuclear energy to fossilRead MoreNuclear Energy : Renewable Energy727 Words   |  3 Pages32% of our energy for electricity? Energy makes lots of things work like machines. There is not just one word for energy, another word is power. Two of the main types of energy is renewable, and nonrenewable. Renewable energy is energy used over and over again. Renewable energy will not run out. Some examples of renewable energy is solar energy, hydro energy, and wind energy. Non renewable is energy is that will eventually run out. Some examples of non renewable energy are nuclear energy, coal, an dRead MoreNuclear Energy Is Essential For The Modern World1400 Words   |  6 Pagesefficient, and safer ways to generate energy that plays an enormous role in keeping modern civilization moving forward. This issue gained immense importance after President Trump proposed budget cuts for science programs affecting nuclear energy research programs. Science energy research programs offer tons of knowledge in regard to better understanding sustainable nuclear energy that contributed to tremendous breakthroughs in the last decades. Nuclear energy is essential for the everyday modern worldRead MoreThe Future Industry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy1209 Words   |  5 PagesIndustry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy At the start of the mid 1950’s, the world was introduced to a new, alternative source of power that would revolutionize the energy industry; this power became known as nuclear energy. Since that time, nuclear energy seemed to pave the way in efficiency and supply power to countless cities around the globe. However, the past has shown that there are many major disadvantages to using nuclear energy. Today, many individuals believe that nuclear powerRead MoreThe Issue Of Fuel Shortage897 Words   |  4 Pagesproperly. Non-renewable fuels such as fossil fuel and natural gas are running out at an incredible rate as technology advances in aiming to make the public life more convenient. In addition, global warming is also one of the concerns of the modern society due to the emission of greenhouse gases when combusting non-renewable fuels to generate electricity. As a result, scientists are in an emergency to discover an infinite and environmentally friendly alternate energy source t o replace the harmful non-renewableRead MoreAlternative Energy Sources And The Future Of Those Sources1223 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 150 28 September 2015 Alternate Energy Sources and the Future of those sources Some of the major on-going controversies in this decade are Keystone XL pipeline , fracking and climate change. These issues are co-related to each other and they all have one thing in common i.e energy from fossil fuels . Proponents for the Keystone XL pipeline fracking argue that it would reduce the energy dependence on foreign oil. Although they are good for the energy security of the US, it may be a step backwardsRead MoreNuclear Energy : Nuclear Power Plants1257 Words   |  6 PagesStates has been using nuclear energy as one of it’s main non-renewable energy sources. The source of nuclear energy comes from nuclear power plants, which efficiently generates large quantities of energy and has low greenhouse gas emissions, compared to traditional coal power plants. Currently, there are 61 nuclear power plants operating in the U.S. and using nuclear power plants as a main energy source has always been a controversial problem within U.S. society. By the time nuclear power pl ants bringRead MoreDebating Whether Nuclear Power Should Be Developed for Future Energy Supplies1150 Words   |  5 PagesDebating Whether Nuclear Power Should Be Developed for Future Energy Supplies Introduction I am writing this essay to debate the idea of having nuclear power developed for future use by us. This takes on a major issue and covers many aspects of our nations energy use both in present and for the future. When we think about nuclear power we do not automatically think of it as a non renewable energy source. This is because it is not part of the fossils fuels; coalRead MoreNo Amount Of Monetary Resources : A Transition Away From Fossil Fuels, And Towards Renewable Energy Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesand towards renewable energy is required. To achieve this goal, deep and fundamental institutional changes are necessary. The main institutional obstacle that is blocking a transition to renewable energy is the oil sector. This sector is no small obstacle because it has deep pockets, and it is deeply enveloped in every developed country in the world. Per Muzio, natural gases make up an ever-increasing part of the world economy, and a staggering 41 percent of the energy sector [Source Muzio]. ThisRead MoreRenewable Sources Of Solar Energy1150 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant argument regarding energy and its sources. Energy resources are classified into two groups: renewable and non-renewable. Although renewable sources have not yet been exploited to their maximum, their use has been increasing since the 1960’s. T he main renewable energy sources are Wind, Geothermal, and Solar energy. Contrary to renewable sources, non-renewable sources lead in the production of electricity and other forms of energy. For non-renewable sources, Fossil fuel and Coal are the

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

My own Leadership Journey Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the My own Leadership Journey. Answer: My own leadership Journey Leadership is perhaps the key factor for the growth and development of a successful individual. I always had a kind of team spirit within me. I was very much inclined towards any kind of group work. To begin with I would like to talk about my grandfather. He made sure that each and every member of our family is happy and comfortable. He made sure to talk with each and every one of us individually and regularly. He tried his level best to solve the problems of each of the family members and he made sure to encourage everyone of us at every aspect of life. After growing up, finishing up with my education and then joining my job as a senior manager in one of the top MNCs, I have been able to understand and implement all the leadership styles in a better and prominent way (Day et al., 2014). Deriving lessons from my childhood, I have seen that being a leader, I must make sure to initiate proper communication within my team. According to my perception, having a proper communication with e ach other, helps in removing half of the obstacles from the progress path of a team. As a leader, my first responsibility is to see that none of my team members are demotivated at any point of time. Leadership Theories There are many theories of leadership as well that have been influential in my life Great man theory The main belief of this theory is that the individuals born with some great inherent qualities can become successful leaders in their lives. This is because according to this theory, leaders are not made but are born. Though I had the team spirit and the desire of leading several teams in my School and college levels but I do not quite believe this theory. This is because of the fact that there are still many aspects of leadership that I have learnt over time and not right from my birth. Trait theory This theory again is of the belief that there are some inborn traits or specific characteristic features that are present in many individuals by birth. However I havent found this theory to be applicable in my case because this theory has always failed to answer the question that then how is we to categorize those people who contain these qualities but are not leaders. Hence, I cannot highlight any such traits within me right from my birth that has made be an ideal leader (Day et al., 2014). Contingency theory This theory is very much similar to the situational theory which says that any good leader will know which quality to apply and what situation. I find this theory to be somewhat influential in my case because I always try to act as per the requirements of the situation. Situation theory According to my perception, this theory is also very much influential for any and every leaders. I find this theory to be quite applicable in my present job role. I have to take decisions and act as per the demands of the situation. In other words, I have to carry on the method of situational behavior and alter my decisions or my behaviors accordingly. Behavioral theory I often like to go by this theory as it believes that great leaders are not born but are made. This theory believes that people can be good leaders despite of having some physical or mental disabilities. This theory focuses on the actions of the leaders and not on their physical and mental conditions. Management theories This theory is very much business oriented in nature and depends mainly on the principles of rewards and punishments based in the performance of the followers. I find this theory to be kind of well suited to the business purposes but I believe in order to be a good leader one must also know how to be very close to his or her followers not only in the professional field but also in terms of emotion. Transformational or relationship theory This theory has been the most influencing in my case because as the every name suggests, transformational leaders are them who always try to create change within the organization and within the followers as well. In other orders I always focus my leadership qualities to inspire and motivate my flowers. I always keep in mind that my actions must be such so that it can work for the general well being and progress of the team. However I know that this change must be brought not only in the team but also within my individual teammates. Hence, I try to ,motivate and inspire each and every team member separately so that they can recognize their open individual strengths and make use of their highest potential (Neal, Boutselis Bennett 2016). My personality type as per the MyersBriggs Type Indicator (MBTI) :ISF As per my own perceptions, I am an ISFJ personality type. Being a good leader always brings a lot of responsibilities and challenges. I believe that the first important thing that I must do as a leader is to have a sound sense of duty. If I am not dutiful enough towards my work and my followers, then I can never expect the same from them. I always keep in mind that these are not only my followers whom I should guide in the work field in order to increase the productivity of the organization (Adams, Campbell Deming., 2017). As a leader I must maintain some other duties as well like supporting them emotionally. Once it so happened, that I was extremely sick and was asked to take complete bed rest. At the same time I had a board meeting with foreign delegates. This was a meeting for which my team mates had been working hard and putting in all their effort for a long time. I have seen them working with all their dedication by even skiing their meals, their break times and their holidays (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). They have done this not only for their own personal benefit but for me as well. So I realized that no matter how much sick I am, I cannot let the hard work of my followers go in vain. So, I plucked up my strength and took my medicines and went to the meeting. This was because I knew that this meeting would not have been possible without me. My team mates would have felt very much neglected. I could not let this happen at any cost ( Clauss?Ehlers Parham 2014).Being a leader I kept in mind that I need duty comes first than everything else. It was my duty to be with followers through thick and thin and to guide them always. Leaders who are influential in my life Here, I would like about two most important people and great icons that have helped me in shaping my leadership skills. The first is the famous US President Franklin D Roosevelt, who has guided the entire nation towards peace and progress. However, the fact about him that has always inspired me a great deal is his will power and his sense of duty towards his followers and his nation. He was rendered paralyzed down his waist and had to use a wheelchair known as the FDR throughout. Another such example is that of Nick Vujicic. He was born with a very rare kind of disease (McCleskey, 2014). He was born without legs and arms. However inspite of having such major difficulties he is today a very renowned painter, an artist and a motivational speaker. He motivates the common public so that they can thrive all the major difficulties in life. Thus I have learned from the case of Nick Vujicic, that there is nothing called as inborn or inherent leadership traits. Leaders like nick Vujicic has m ade me realize that the theories like trait theory and great man theory are really quite pointless in the real world. Feedback given by my partner The feedback given by my partner regarding my leadership journey and my current challenges has also been very helpful. According to him I have been able to develop the 4 types of organizational culture very well within me. Name of cultures Roles associated Power culture I have been able to maintain the dignity and personality associated with my position of a leader. Role culture I have been able to efficiently carry on with my role of guiding and supporting all my followers Task culture I have been able to initiate the smoothness, and speed, accuracy and also the efficiency within all the projects undertaken my group (followers) in the organization. Person culture However, I need to develop or change the take of my followers in this particular field. Improvement area: Inculcating Cultural Leadership As per the feedback given by my partner I need to improve in the person culture part, which basically talks about the values and the principles that are inculcated by me within my followers. The challenge that I have been facing is a kind of disparity, misunderstanding or discrimination going on between many of the team mates or the followers based on different cultural differences. These differences are arising because of the many varied reasons. As all of my team mates are from different national or cultural backgrounds they are often having problems in adjusting with each other. As their leader I had to help them deal with this problem. Principles of cultural intelligence I decided to follow the principles of cultural intelligence Cognitive level I explained and trained all my followers that they are a team and the mantra of team progress is respect for each other. I made them communicate with each other as much as possible by engaging them as small groups in many projects. This would enable them to interact with each other, understand each bothers customs and practices (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). Physical level I made sure to inculcate the very basic and common values of peer learning and peer respect within my followers. The first and foremost thing I did was to select a common dress code for the entire team; this at once would bring the feeling of unity within them. I made it mandatory that whenever they come across each other within the organization they must greet each other with a little smile, a greet or a slight pat on the back. Emotional level I also made sure that none of my followers are misbehaving among themselves or hurting the emotions and sentiments of each other. I trained them to be good listeners first and then a speaker. They must know how to respect each other and work together as a team (Neal, Boutselis Bennett 2016). National and organizational culture As I have to maintain a team that comprises of so many people coming from so many different backgrounds I also have to imbibe some aspects of the national and organizational culture. I have tried and imbibed within them some of the universal positivity and negativities. As a modern leader, I must know how to adjust with all my followers who are coming from so many different backgrounds. In order to do this I have to make sure that all the other members working within the organization are also able to adjust easily with their colleagues irrespective of the cultural or global differences. I have inculcated within myself the following principles in order to cope up with the other employees of many band varied cultures (McCleskey, 2014). Universal positivity I have tried my level best to gain the trust of my followers I always try to stay honest in any and every endeavors Motivational I consider it as one of my prime duty to motivate my followers throughout. Universal negativities There are some of the traits that I try to avoid. They are Ruthless Dictatorial Egocentric Irritable As a leader I must always try to appear friendly and frank with my followers rather than being bossy or doctorial. Apart from this, I always try to be one among them I believe unless I see things through their eyes I will never be able to help them or sort out their problems. I must give my egos in order to understand them. If I always try to prove myself superior then I will turn out to be extremely irritable to my fellow followers. They will no longer respect me or obey them. I believe in the values of respect and politeness rather than dictating and dominating (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). Culturally contingent leadership qualities In order to act as leader in a global cross cultural environment I have to make sure that I follow some of the culturally contingent leadership qualities like that of Sincerity Logical Sensitive Class conscious Ambitious In order to initiate a proper communication between me and all my followers I have started many new programs and campaigns. These programs would talk about the advantages of speaking freely with one another. I also believe that interacting with employees belonging from so many different cultural backgrounds will also enable in making many new and innovative products and production techniques within the organization. References Adams, L. T., Campbell, J., Deming, K. (2017). Diversity: A key aspect of 21st century faculty roles as implemented in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholars program.Nursing Outlook,65(3), 267-277. Clauss?Ehlers, C. S., Parham, W. D. (2014). Landscape of diversity in higher education: Linking demographic shifts to contemporary university and college counseling center practices.Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development,42(2), 69-76. Cuervo Castro, N. S. (2016). Multicultural work environment as a key in cross-cultural negotiations and organizations performance: Canada overview. Day, D. V., Fleenor, J. W., Atwater, L. E., Sturm, R. E., McKee, R. A. (2014). Advances in leader and leadership development: A review of 25years of research and theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 63-82. Grimm, B. L., Watanabe?Galloway, S., Britigan, D. H., Schumaker, A. M. (2015). A qualitative analysis to determine the domains and skills necessary to lead in public health.Journal of Leadership Studies,8(4), 19-26. Leroy, H., Anseel, F., Gardner, W. L., Sels, L. (2015). Authentic leadership, authentic followership, basic need satisfaction, and work role performance: A cross-level study.Journal of Management,41(6), 1677-1697. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Neal, D. J., Boutselis, P. S., Bennett, J. (2016). The United Kingdom Ministry of Defencethe Case for Followership as a key Element of Leadership Development. OKeeffe, A., Ozuem, W., Lancaster, G. (2016). Leadership marketing: an exploratory study.Journal of Strategic Marketing,24(5), 418-443. Schyns, B., Riggio, R. E. (2016). Implicit Leadership Theories.Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1-7.

Friday, April 10, 2020

The Revelation- Ernest Hemingways A Farewell To Arms Essays

The Revelation- Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell To Arms The Revelation Ernest Hemingways WWI classic, A Farewell to Arms is a story of initiation in which the growth of the protagonist, Frederic Henry, is recounted. Frederic is initially a na?ve and unreflective boy who cannot grasp the meaning of the war in which he is so dedicated, nor the significance of his lovers predictions about his future. He cannot place himself amidst the turmoil that surrounds him and therefore, is unable to fully justify a world of death and destruction. Ultimately, his distinction between his failed relationship with Catherine Barkley and the devastation of the war allows him to mature and arrive at the resolution that the only thing one can be sure of in the course of life is death and personal obliteration (Phelan 54). In order to chronicle Frederics maturation, it is first necessary to understand his character; he is what critics label a Hemingway Code Hero. Indigenous to nearly all of Ernest Hemingways novels, the Hemingway man lives by one simple rule: Man the player is born; life the game will kill him (Rovit and Brenner 90). This man looks to derive meaning and dignity from his stale, directionless being. In Frederic Henrys case, the search for a system of values and morals is difficult because he is caught between two very socially defined extremes, love and war. He only gains knowledge through his direct experience with these two elements and through the indirect teachings of various characters in the novel (Waldhorn 68). It is suggested that Frederic must commit to a comfortable medium between the selflessness of the young priest and the egocentricity of Rinaldi. In the introductory chapters, Frederic is torn between spending his holiday in the cold, clear mountains of Abruzzi with the priests family, and taking his leave in the city, where most of his time would be spent at the dispose of taverns and institutions of prostitution. Frederic chooses to spend his time in the city rather than Abruzzi, although that is where he had wanted to go (Hemingway 13). Frederic realizes that there is a moral and religious way of life, which the priest represents, and he respects these values of the priest. He acknowledges the fact that the priest has a code to live by. On the other shoulder sits Rinaldi, the satisfied, self-assured surgeon with whom Frederic also tries to identify. Rinaldi seems fulfilled, but as the war progresses he falls into a world of despair and disease. Although he cannot see it, Rinaldi too closely resembles Frederics dilemma and therefore is unable to tutor him (Waldhorn 69-70). Tremendously significant, Frederic Henrys exchanges with the priest and Rinaldi play a strong role in his development because he is unable to solely identify with either of them. Frederics education is enhanced by his relationship with the English nurse, Catherine Barkley, as well. Originally, Catherine is nothing more than an object of sensual desire, but as the novel progresses, Catherine becomes symbolic of Frederics final resolution. At first Frederic views Catherine as a replacement for the boring prostitutes that he is accustomed to visiting. He takes advantage of her situation; Catherines fianc? has been killed in the war. I thought she was probably a little crazy. It was alright if she was. I did not care what I was getting into. I knew I did not love Catherine Barkley nor had any idea of loving her. This was a game, like bridge, in which you said things instead of playing cards. Like bridge you had to pretend you were playing for money or playing for some stakes. Nobody had mentioned what the stakes were. It was alright with me (Hemingway 30-31). Typical of an immature youth, Frederic blatantly takes advantage of Catherine. He does not, however, realize the extent of Catherines shrewdness. She commits herself absolutely to the affair only because she had not given her innocence to her deceased fianc? (Donaldson 60). Catherine possesses the one major insight that Frederic does not: death is the end of all existence. Frederic attaches himself to Catherine because he yearns for a sort of order. Having discovered the value of his relationship with Catherine, Frederic returns to the front, only to find

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Facts About Phylum Chordata - The Vertebrates

Facts About Phylum Chordata - The Vertebrates The Phylum Chordata contains some of the most familiar animals in the world, including humans. What sets them apart is that they all have a ​notocord,  or nerve cord, at some stage of development. You might be surprised by some other animals in this phylum, as they are very different from humans, birds, fish and the fuzzy animals that we usually think of when we think of the Phylum Chordata. Chordates Have Backbones or Notocords Animals in the Phylum Chordata may not all have a spine (some do, which would classify them as a vertebrate animal), but they all have a notochord. The notochord is like a primitive backbone, and is present at least at some stage of their development. These may be seen in early development, and in some they develop into other structures before birth: All have a tubular nerve cord (such as the spinal cord) above the notocord, which is gelatin-like and encased in a tough membrane.All have gill slits that lead into the throat or pharynx.All have blood enclosed in blood vessels, although they may not have blood cells.All have a tail that has no internal organs and extends beyond the backbone and anus. Three Types of Chordates While animals like humans, mammals and birds are all vertebrates in the Phylum Chordata, not all animals in the Phylum Chordata are vertebrates. The Phylum Chordata contains three Subphyla. The Vertebrates: Subphylum Vertebrata. When you think of animals, you probably are thinking about the vertebrates. These include all of the mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, and most fish. In vertebrates, a backbone develops around the notocord, made of bone or cartilage separated into segments called vertebrae. It protects the spinal cord. There are over 57,000 species of vertebrates.The Tunicates: Subphylum Tunicata. These include the salps, larvaceans, and  tunicates  such as the sea squirt. They are invertebrates as they dont have a backbone, but they do have a notochord during development. They are marine filter-feeders, with some tunicates living attached to rocks for most of their life except for a free-swimming larval stage. The salps and larvaceans are tiny, plankton-like free-swimming animals, although the salps  spend a generation as an aggregate chain. They have a very primitive nervous system. Many think that the ancestors of the tunicates also evolved into the vertebrates. There are about 3,000 species of tunicates. The Cephalochordates: Subphylum Cephalochordata. There are only about 30 species in this grouping. They include the lancelets, which are small aquatic filter-feeders that are fishlike. They have a large notochord and a primitive brain. Their circulatory system doesnt have a heart or blood cells. Classification of the Chordates Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Classes (the classes in bold below include marine species): Subphylum Tunicata (formerly Urochordata) Appendicularia  (pelagic tunicates)Ascidiacea  (sessile tunicates)Thaliacea  (salps). Subphylum Cephalochordata Cephalochordata  (lancelets) Subphylum Vertebrata Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)Amphibia (amphibians)Aves (birds)Cephalaspidomorphi (lampreys)Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays)Holocephali (chimeras)Mammalia (mammals)Myxini (Hagfishes)Reptilia (reptiles)Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

Saturday, February 22, 2020

He similarities and differences between autosomal recessive and Essay

He similarities and differences between autosomal recessive and sex-linked recessive conditions - Essay Example Autosomal recessive conditions manifest themselves only when an individual is homozygous for the affected allele that causes a certain condition The alleles that cause these conditions are not found on the sex genes (the X or Y chromosomes), and the affects are generally masked in the heterozygous parents who possess both a normal, dominant allele and the affected recessive allele. Only offspring with both recessive alleles, meaning both parents are heterozygous carriers of the recessive genes will be affected. These disorders are present in only about 2.5 per 1000 live births, and will not be manifested is the offspring receives a dominant allele from either parent. Sex-linked recessive conditions are found on the sex chromosomes. Females, who have two X chromosomes will only show the condition if, like autosomal recessive conditions, they inherit a recessive allele from both parents. Males, having only one X chromosome, are always affected by X-linked recessive alleles because they have no other dominant allele to mask the affects of the single affected X chromosome (Kumar and Clark 2009, p. 43). The primary difference between autosomal recessive and sex-linked recessive is how males and females are likely to be affected, and how likely each are to inherit, a condition. Examples of autosomal recessive conditions include cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease. Examples of sex-linked recessive conditions include hemophilia and red-green color blindness.... This means that heterozygous parents may be carriers for certain conditions. Only if both parents pass the recessive allele onto the offspring will the offspring express the condition. This results in the chance that two heterozygous parents pass on an autosomal recessive condition of only 25%, whereas there is a 50% chance that a single heterozygous parents will pass on the condition to the offspring (Kumar and Clark 2009, p. 42-43). Examples of autosomal dominant conditions include Huntington’s disease. 3. Describe the differences seen between benign and malignant tumours. Use appropriate examples, with rationale, to support your points. Tumors arise from changes in a single cell that proliferate to affect areas of the body or even the whole body. Oncogenesis is a multistep process in which the malignant phenotype is expressed, which may occur due to both genetic and environmental factors. Anaplasia and metastatis are characteristics of malignant tumors, but no benign tumors . Anaplasia refers to the reversion of cellular differentiation and often includes an increased ability to multiply without differentiation. Metastatsis refers to the capacity of malignant tumor cells to spread across the body to adjacent and non-adjacent organs, often but not always through the bloodstream (Kumar and Clark 2009, p. 49). Benign tumors are nonprogressive and do not metastatis to other areas of the body. Some common examples of benign tumors include the common mole. Moles may sometimes develop malignancy over the course of an individual’s lifetime, however, so regular examinations by a physician are recommended. 4. Define with suitable examples, the following terms: aetiology,

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary - Essay Example The strontium 90 released into the air is in the form of rain and lodges into the soil and pollutes the plants which are eventually consumed by humans. The effect to humans is diseases such as cancer thus leading to death. The article also talks about the effect of use of insecticides and pesticides including DDT that are used to destroy harmful insects (Carson 9). The insecticides destroy the pests intended and other insects as well thus causing equilibrium imbalance. Argument is that the insects also evolve and develop resistance to the pesticides. The article also talks about the hasty way in which new situations are generated through the influence of humans instead of allowing nature to take its course. An example of radiation is given, and how it has changed from backdrop radiation of rocks, ultra violet light from the sun and attack of cosmic rays to deviant radiation. The deviant radiation is caused by man’s interference with atoms of metals such as copper, calcium and silica making them unstable (Carson 12). The ways in which man uses chemicals has been censured since no proper investigation is done on their effects to water, soil, animals and human being. The environment should be preserved for upcoming generations and other forms of pest control should be used to avoid dire

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Language Processing and Production Essay Example for Free

Language Processing and Production Essay This experiment investigated hemispheric specialisation and dominance with regards to language functions. It used a computer program to measure the amount of key presses achieved by participants in a given time across four different trials (1 with the left hand, no talking, 2 with the left hand whilst being asked questions, and the same two trials again with the right hand). The participants were 2nd year psychology students from which a cohort of 20 was selected for data analysis. A significant difference was found for the effect of hemisphere and language processing task present or absent. However, the means for each trial did not support left hemispheric dominance for language functions: more key presses were recorded when talking and using the right hand than when talking and using the left. Handedness and some involvement of the right hemisphere in language processing and production were also shown as appearing to influence the results obtained. The main conclusion to be drawn is that hemispheric specialisation and language dominance is a subject that needs further investigation in order to clarify the generalisability of conclusions made about left hemisphere language specialisations. Our brain consists of two halves; the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere. The left hemisphere receives information from and controls muscles in the right side of the body, whilst the right hemisphere receives information from and controls muscles in the left side of the body. Research using brain imagery and studies of brain damaged and split brain patients, to name just a few examples, has shown that some of our functions are controlled more by one hemisphere than the other, i.e. are more specialised for that particular function. This experiment aims to investigate these differing specialisations of the hemispheres more deeply and with particular regard to language. Research into language differences between the two hemispheres is widespread and supports the view that the left hemisphere is the more dominant. Marc Dax was the first to notice hemispheric differences in his brain damaged patients, after having seen many patients suffering from loss of speech. Dax found what appeared to be an association between the loss of speech and the side of the brain where the damage occurred. In more than 40 patients with aphasia, Dax noticed damage to the left hemisphere; he was unable to find a case that involved damage to the right hemisphere alone (Springer and Deutsch, 1998, p. 1-2). By 1870 further evidence also began to surface, when other investigators began to realise that many types of language disorders could result from damage to the left hemisphere (Springer Deutsch, 1998, p. 1). For example, Brocas and Wernickes aphasia: Brocas aphasia causes speech problems associated with comprehension, resulting from damage to Brocas area (situated in the left frontal cortex), whilst Wernickes aphasia causes word salad (hard to understand, jumbled speech), resulting from damage to Wernickes area (situated in the left temporal lobe). Later research has also supported Daxs original findings, one example of such research concluded that the left hemisphere is responsible for language in almost all right-handed individuals (Butler, S. R. 1997, p. 187). This research also links the additional factor of handedness to investigations of hemispheric lateralisation, an idea which has been supported by others in the field. For example: In right handers , it is almost always the case that the hemisphere that controls the dominant hand is also the hemisphere that controls speech (Springer and Deutsch, 1998, p. 2), therefore it is possible that for left handers, as their dominant hand is being controlled by the right hemisphere, the right hemisphere may be responsible for speech control and other language functions instead of the left hemisphere. Additional research looking at right hemisphere lesions has demonstrated that the right hemisphere is responsible for some linguistical functions: finding that patients with such lesions may be impaired relative to normal controls on certain tests of language (Corballis, C. M. 1983, p. 33). One study by Lesser (1974) reported such an impairment on a semantic test involving comprehension of spoken words but not on a phonological or syntactic test (Corballis, C. M. 1983, p. 33), suggesting a small role for the right hemisphere in language processing. Kinsbourne and McMurray carried out valuable research using healthy participants, using a procedure similar to the current study (cited in Kalat, 2004, pg. 427). They asked participants to tap with a pencil on a piece of paper as many times as they could in one minute, first with their right hand then with their left, then asked them to do the same again whilst talking, they found that for most right-handers, talking decreases the tapping rate with the right hand more than with the left hand. This further supports left hemispheric dominance for language, as well as supporting the current studys methodology and informing its hypothesis. As has been demonstrated most research supports left hemispheric dominance of language functions, but also links hemispheric specialisation with other factors and accepts that the right hemisphere holds some language comprehension control. This experiment looks for further supportive evidence and also briefly looks at handedness as a possible affecting factor. The study uses a finger tapping and language processing task, with the notion that the speed at which keys are pressed will be relatively similar with both hands. If however, if it is the case that language is more associated with the left hemisphere, then on average when processing language, the speed of the right hand will be slower than the left hand, presumably because the left hemisphere then has to do two tasks at once (right hand finger tapping and language processing). This is only the case however if all participants in the experiment have left hemisphere dominance for language, and is thus the reason we have recorded the handedness of our participants. As a result of previous studies and research the hypothesis for this experiment is: there will be differences in the number of taps made from each of the two hands when language is or isnt being processed. Method Design The experiment used a fully repeated measures within-subjects design: all participants took part in all conditions. There was one independent variable, consisting of four different levels: left hand, talking, no talking and right hand talking, no talking. The dependent variable was the number of key presses made within the time limit of 30 seconds per trial.

Monday, January 20, 2020

The Vietnam War Essay -- essays research papers

This essay is about talking and analysing the Vietnam War. This civil war was between the Communist North and the Democratic South because of the fear of communism spreading to the South. Other Western countries also helped in this war because they too were afraid of communism spreading, and so they sent money and troops to aid South Vietnam. Some of these countries included America, Australia, and New Zealand. This war was one of the most divisive events in history and I am going to talk about why this is so. For most of Vietnam?s history the country has been under foreign rule, primarily by the Chinese. Domination of the region by the French began in 1860, and by the late 19th century they had colonised a number of places around the Gulf of Tonkin. In World War II, however, the Japanese government took control of much of the area, and set up a puppet regime that was eventually forced out by the Vietnamese at the end of the war in 1945. After the war, France fought hard to regain their former territories in the region, but because they had a poorly organized army and little determination amongst its troops, their plans soon collapsed. The North Vietnamese tried to take over the government in South Vietnam between 1955 and 1960, and in 1964, with the help of China and Russia, North Vietnam began a large scale drive to conquer the whole country. This is when the Vietnam War really began. The Vietnam War started around the 1950?s, a time when communism was gradually spreading across the world. By 1954, Vietnam was separated into two parts, the democratic South Vietnam and the communist North Vietnam. Soon violence began to break out and tensions began to rise even more between the two. This was because the South was scared ... ...help for the stress they felt. It was only on the 3rd of October 1987, fifteen years after the veterans had returned from the war, that a ?Welcome Home? parade was finally held for them. This was when attitudes towards the people who had participated in the unpopular war began to change. Today Vietnam veterans can enjoy respect coming from their community but many still feel the bitterness over the impact the war had had on their lives. In conclusion, we can say that the Vietnam War was one of the most violent and divisive wars of all times. This battle of ideology and false fear of being dominated by principles dissimilar to the Western capitalist value system, led to the death of many innocent people and destruction of property that could have been spared otherwise, with a bit of benevolence in the heart of the politicians who were responsible for the war.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Tastee Snax Cookies

Managerial Decision Making Led by Professor: Ocampo y Vilas Business Report Business Report MacPherson Refrigeration Tastee Snax Cookie Company By Stefanie By Stefanie Adriaenssens, Astrid de P Astrid de Paep, Soundharya Jayaraman Jayaraman, Evie Tanghe & Yudistira Sa Yudistira Sanggramawi jaya 10th Octob 17th October 2012 Antwerp M Antwerp Management School 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. .. 3 1PROBLEM STATEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 2 ASSUMPTIONS & APPROXIMATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 3 SOLUTION APPROACH †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 4 RESULTS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 WHAT-IF ANALYSIS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 6 OVERALL RECOMMENDATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 7 APPENDIX †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 7. 1 TABLE 1: ACTIVITIES WITH CRASHED TIME AND ADDITIONAL COSTS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7. 2 TABLE 2: CPM DEADLINE INPUT 46,47 & 48 WEEKS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 7. 3 TABLE 3: CPM DEADLINE OUTPUT 48 WEEKS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 7. 4 TABLE 4: CPM DEADLINE OUTPUT 47 WEEKS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11 7. 5 TABLE 5: CPM DEADLINE INPUT 46 WEEKS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 7. 6TABLE 6: RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING CRASH TIME †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 7. 7 FIGURE 1: NETWORK OF ACTIVITIES †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 14 2 Introduction Tastee Snax Cookie Company is a producer of baked-goods snacks in the southeastern United States. Due to negative press reports about fat consumption and introduction of heavy advertisements of no-fat baked goods by other manufacturers, Tastee Snax Cookie Company lost a big share of the ma rket the past year.And thus, the company had to develop and manufacture no-fat cookies soon in order to secure its share in the no-fat baked goods market. The vice president of the company was made to understand by an expert that Critical Path Methodology (CPM), a project-planning scheduling technique, could be used to introduce new products in the market. He put a dynamic project manager in charge to overlook the coordination efforts of different departments in the organization to ensure that the respective assigned tasks were completed on time. In this case study, we start by addressing the problem statement of introducing a new no-fat cookie to the market.Secondly the objective is identified. Thirdly we discuss the assumptions and approximations that need to be considered before determining the solution approach. Keeping in mind the objective of the case, we then analyzed the results. Finally we present our recommendations to Tastee Snax Cookie Company. 3 1. Problem Statement The problem we address in this report is to provide an overall project plan for Tastee Snax Cookie Company to help launch their new product soon enough to gain a share in the no-fat baked goods market. This means certain ecisions will have to be made regarding the time taken to finish all activitivities while keeping the objective in mind. The objective is to determine the most cost effective method to decrease the project’s deadline. The project plan discussed below has been generated through the use of a projectplanning scheduling technique, Critical Path Methodology, to secure the scientific approach. The program schedule provides a quantitative basis to make managerial decisions to shorten the implementation time of the overall project. 2. Assumptions and ApproximationsThe mathematical model created to schedule all the projects is based upon a number of simplifying assumptions and approximations. These need to be taken into account in order to make an independent judgment ab out the model’s usefulness. The assumptions and approximations of this model are: ? The product introduction program has been broken down into three groups of activities: Research & Development, Marketing & Advertising, and Promotion; ? The description of each activity and the indicated time required for its completion in weeks was taken at face value from the case; The tasks to be performed by each department and the estimated durations and deadlines were also considered as given; ? The preceding activities for each activity are considered as such; ? The tasks that could potentially be â€Å"crashed† by increasing resources were decisions based on the information available in the case. 4 3. Solution Approach The problem has been modeled into Critical Path Methodology (CPM). The CPM approach is based on a network representation that reflects activity precedence relations.As shown in Figure 1, the nodes designate activities and their time duration, and the arcs define t he precedence relations between the activities. The Earliest Start (ES) and Earliest Finish time (EF) for each activity is calculated as shown below. ES = Maximum EF of all its immediate predecessors EF = ES + (Activity completion time) ES and EF are represented on the CPM network by a pair of numbers, in black, above the node representing the activity. Subsequently, the Latest start time (LS) and Latest finish time (LF) was determined for each activity which allows the project to be completed by its minimal completion date.LS and LF was calculated as shown below. LS and LF are represented as a pair of numbers, in red, in CPM network. LF = Minimum LS of all immediate successor activities LS = LF – (Activity Completion Time) Based on the information available in the case on slack time in weeks for each activity, the critical path of the model was deduced. A critical path has activities with zero slack and is the longest path in the network. A delay in one of the activities of the critical path results in a delay of the overall project. As can be seen in figure 1, the earliest and latest times are the same in the activities of the critical path. 4. ResultsBased on the CPM network drawn we have deduced the following for each activity: Earliest Start (ES), Earliest Finish Time (EF), Latest Start time (LS) and Latest Finish time (LF) (see Figure 1). The maximum of EF times, 52 weeks, is the estimated completion of the entire project. By taking into consideration the slack times in weeks provided in the case, we then arrived at the critical path. The critical path contained the critical activities with zero slack time. Critical Path: B1-A2-B5-B6-A4-A5-B9-B11-A6-A7-A8 5 5. What-if Analyses The following paragraph discusses additional economical and operational information as provided in the case.The earlier a product would enter the market the quicker it would be able to gain market share. This motivated the Project Manager to develop a list of tasks that coul d be potentially â€Å"crashed† by increasing resources allocated to them (see Table 1). In Table 1, you will find this list of activities that could be performed faster by increasing the cost of operations. According to the crashing analysis, the cheapest way to shorten the project duration by four weeks is to crash three activities. As seen in Table 3 activity A4 should be crashed three weeks and activities B2 and B5 one week.The additional cost to reduce the project duration from 52 weeks to 48 weeks is $7,200. The cheapest way to shorten the project duration by five weeks is to crash four activities. As seen in Table 4 activity A4 should be crashed three weeks and activities A7, B2 and B5 one week. The reduction of the project duration by five weeks costs an additional $ 10,700. The CPM analysis shows that the cheapest way to shorten the project duration by six weeks is to crash four activities. As seen in Table 5, activity A4 should be crashed by three weeks, activity A7 by two weeks and activities B2 and B5 by 1 week.To reduce the project duration by six weeks, the additional cost adds up to $ 14,200. 6 6. Overall Recommendations The objective of the model was to find a solution to shorten the implementation. That is, to determine the most cost effective way to decrease the project’s timeline, which would help Tastee Snax Cookie Company to launch their new product and thereby capturing a market share in the no fat baked foods market. Based on our results, we would state that the maximum number of weeks by which the project can be shortened is 6 weeks.To calculate this, the activities A4, A7, B2 and B5 are crashed resulting the Earliest Finish time (EF) of 46 weeks for the project (See Table 6). Activities A4, A7 and B5 are crashed to their maximum crashed time. The additional cost for crashing the project to 46 weeks can be determined with solver, as already explained in the report, which is $14,200. Hence we recommend that the optimal solu tion would be to reduce the project duration by 6 weeks at an additional cost of $14,200. 7 7. Appendix 7. 1 Table 1: activities with crashed time and additional cost Activity Develop special Crashed Time Additional Cost Weeks) A3 Original Time (Weeks) ($) 5 3 2200 6 3 3900 6 4 7000 10 8 3200 4 3 1700 4 3 3000 equipment list A4 Prepare manufacturing specifications A7 Receive and install equipment B2 Develop and test packaging and product names B5 Perform taste test B6 Review results and choose products 8 7. 2 Table 2: CPM Deadline Input 46, 47 & 48 weeks 46/47 48 PROJECT DEADLINE = IMMEDIATE PREDECESSORS ACTIVITY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 NODE NORMAL TIME A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y 2 5 5 6 4 1 6 6 3 10 10 3 4 4 7 4 8 4 5 8 5 4 1 5 6 NORMAL COST CRASHTIME 2 5 3 3 4 1 4 6 3 8 10 3 3 3 7 4 8 4 5 8 5 4 1 5 6 CRASH COST 2200 3900 7000 3200 1700 3000 NODE PREDECESS OR B B C D D E F F G H J K L M M N P P P Q Q Q R S T T U V A I B C N D D S F G I J I B L M O X Y E K P Q Q R S I U W X X Y Y U J W J V 9 7. 3 Table 3: CPM Deadline Output 48 weeks CRASHING ANALYSIS 7200 TOTAL PROJECT COST 48 COMPLETION TIME ACTIVITY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 PROJECT NORMAL COST 0 PROJECT CRASH COST 21000 NODE Completion Time Start Time Finish Time Amount Crashed Cost of Crashing Total Cost A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V WX Y 2 5 5 3 4 1 6 6 3 9 10 3 3 4 7 4 8 4 5 8 5 4 1 5 6 1 3 10 15 18 35 36 42 0 3 12 5 8 11 11 18 22 31 30 35 3 8 12 13 12 3 8 15 18 22 36 42 48 3 12 22 8 11 15 18 22 30 35 35 43 8 12 13 18 18 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 0 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 0 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 7. 4 Table 4: CPM Deadline Output 47 weeks CRASHING ANALYSIS 10700 TOTAL PROJECT COST 47 COMPLETION TIME ACTIVITY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 PROJECT NORMAL COST 0 PROJECT CRASH COST 21000 NODE CompletionTime Start Time Finish Time Amount Crashed Cost of Crashing Total Cost A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y 2 5 5 3 4 1 5 6 3 9 10 3 3 4 7 4 8 4 5 8 5 4 1 5 6 1 3 10 15 18 35 36 41 0 3 12 5 8 11 11 18 22 31 30 35 3 8 12 13 12 3 8 15 18 22 36 41 47 3 12 22 8 11 15 18 22 30 35 35 43 8 12 13 18 18 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 3500 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 3500 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 7. 5 Table 5: CPM Deadline Output 46 weeks CRASHING ANALYSIS 14200 TOTAL PROJECT COST COMPLETION TIME ACTIVITY A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y 21000 Start Time Finish Time Amount Crashed Cost of Crashing Total Cost 1 3 10 15 18 35 36 40 0 3 12 5 8 11 11 18 22 31 30 35 3 8 12 13 12 3 8 15 18 22 36 40 46 3 12 22 8 11 15 18 22 30 35 35 43 8 12 13 18 18 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 7000 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3900 0 0 7000 0 0 1600 0 0 1700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 NODE Completion Time 2 5 5 3 4 1 4 6 3 9 10 3 3 4 7 4 8 4 5 8 5 4 1 5 6 0 PROJECT NORMAL COST PROJECT CRASH COST 12 7. Table 6: Recommendations regarding crash time Activity Required Time Crashed Time ES EF A1 2 – 0 2 A2 5 – 3 8 A3 5 3 8 11 A4 6 3 15 18 A5 4 – 18 22 A6 1 – 35 36 A7 6 4 36 40 A8 6 – 40 46 B1 3 – 0 3 B2 10 8 3 11 B3 10 – 11 21 B4 3 – 3 6 B5 4 3 8 11 B6 4 3 11 15 B7 7 – 0 7 B8 4 – 17 21 B9 8 – 22 30 B10 4 – 30 34 B11 5 – 30 35 B12 8 – 35 43 C1 5 – 3 8 C2 4 – 8 12 C3 1 – 8 9 C4 5 – 11 16 C5 6 – 11 17 13 7. 7 Figure 1: The network of activities It visualises the predecessor relationships, the early start and finish times (black) and the latest start and finish time (red). Nodes and bars in green visualize the critical path.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Snow Goose Overpopulation - 1901 Words

The Overpopulation of the Snow Goose in North America Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore available research on the overpopulation of the Snow Goose on the North American continent. The snow goose has been rising in population since the middle of the century and has been escalating so much it is destroying their natural habitat. Wildlife managers have just recently begun to implement strategies to combat this problem. Mainly through the use of hunters the managers are trying to curb the population growth. Introduction There are three main species of Snow Goose of primary concern. The Lesser Snow Goose (LSGO) is the must abundant and at the same time most troublesome. Ross Goose (ROGO) is very similar to the Lesser†¦show more content†¦Hunting of the Greater Snow Goose was banned in the us from 1931-75 (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). Hunting was not allowed to promote population numbers, and once started in 1975 did not have a high harvest. The LSGO and ROGO starting in the middle of the 60s and continually have extended their nesting range south into less extreme climate (Abraham and Jeffries 1998). It has also been suggested that since birds are now living longer the older adults are now leading the less wary young to safer sites and out of hunters range (Ingstrup 1998). Ingstrup also suggests that the artic may be warming and as Abraham and Jeffries cited there has been shown a correlation between the snow melt and survival of nesting birds and their young. According to Hodge the annual kill by hunters in 1970 neared 40% but in 1994 the rate had dropped to less than 8%. Thus allowing a great deal of the adult population to return to nesting sites in the spring. Impact on habitat The snow geese still nest in a primarily salt marsh environment. The geese have a detrimental feeding behavior in which they pull up the marsh grass by the roots. This behavior is know as grubbing and when done in mass quantities can destroy whole marshes for decades. A project known as the Hudson Bay Project: Ecosystem Studies and Conservation of Coastal Arctic Tundra has done extensive research ontoShow MoreRelated Snow Goose Overpopulation Essay1882 Words   |  8 Pages The Overpopulation of the Snow Goose in North America Abstract nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The purpose of this paper is to explore available research on the overpopulation of the Snow Goose on the North American continent. The snow goose has been rising in population since the middle of the century and has been escalating so much it is destroying their natural habitat. Wildlife managers have just recently begun to implement strategies to combat this problem. Mainly through the use of hunters the